Unauthorized use of bank cards with or without the PIN: a lost case for the customer?

Abstract

Maryke Silalahi Nuth consider two bank card cases in Norway in which the customer was accused by the bank of gross negligence. In both instances, the courts found against the customer, although the bank subsequently accepted that the customer was not negligent in the second case

Index words: Bank card; electronic signature (PIN); burden of proof; security level; liability for misuse